Dark Spots and Melasma: Causes and How to Prevent Them

Melasma is a condition that appears as brown to grayish patches, usually symmetrically on the cheeks, forehead, nose or upper lip. It is more common in women of reproductive age and in people with tan or brown skin tones, which makes it fairly common in Indonesia.

The exact cause of melasma is not yet fully understood, but several factors are known to play a role. Exposure to sunlight and bright light is the main trigger. Hormonal changes during pregnancy or from hormonal contraceptive use, heredity, and skin irritation can also trigger or worsen the patches.

Melasma is not dangerous, but it can affect your self-confidence and tends to recur. Important preventive measures include protecting your skin from the sun, for example with a wide-brimmed hat and by avoiding outdoor activities when the sun is at its strongest. Also avoid whitening creams with unclear ingredients, as they risk damaging your skin.

Because dark patches on the skin can have other causes, you should see a dermatologist to confirm the diagnosis and receive safe treatment.